The hepatopulmonary syndrome: NO way out?: Fig. 1.—

The hepatopulmonary syndrome: NO way out?

"How diseases of the liver affect lung function?" is one of those puzzling questions that can turn obsessive for those who want to understand how two seemingly distinctive organs can interact and eventually lead to severe disorders [1, 2]. The most common respiratory consequence of liver disease is hypoxaemia, which is often mild to moderate [3]. Seldom severe hypoxaemia occurs when the arteria...

No Way out 1 the Timeless Trap

The Hepatopulmonary Syndrome

INTRODUCTION The hepatopulmonary syndrome has been acknowledged as an important vascular complication in lungs developing systemic hypoxemia in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Is formed by arterial oxygenation abnormalities induced from intrapulmonary vascular dilatations with liver disease. It is present in 4-32% of patients with cirrhosis. It increases mortality in the settin...

[Hepatopulmonary syndrome].

ANAMNESIS We report about a 60-year-old woman with hepatopulmonary syndrome. The patient suffered from progressive dyspnea and liver cirrhosis following viral hepatitis C, acquired through blood transfusion 30 years ago. EXAMINATION RESULTS Remarkable were clinical signs of chronic liver disease (cutaneous spider naevi, palmar erythema) and signs of chronic respiratory failure (clubbing) with...

1 a Way Out

We present a way out of Russell's paradox for sets in the form of a direct weakening of the usual inconsistent full comprehension axiom scheme, which, with no additional axioms, interprets ZFC. In fact, the resulting axiomatic theory 1) is a subsystem of ZFC + " there exists arbitrarily large subtle cardinals " , and 2) is mutually interpretable with ZFC + the scheme of subtlety. 1. NEWCOMP. Be...